General Edward Lawrence Logan International Airport opened on September 8, 1923, on a patch of reclaimed land at Jeffries Point in East Boston. It began as a military field used by the Massachusetts Air National Guard and the Army Air Corps, with the first scheduled commercial service, a Colonial Air Transport route between Boston and New York, launching in 1927. Boston's proximity to Europe would prove decisive. After World War II, transatlantic demand surged, and airlines including American Overseas Airlines, Pan Am, and BOAC began establishing routes across the Atlantic, some routing through Shannon or the Azores for fuel. The state legislature formally renamed the airport in honor of Maj. Gen. Edward Lawrence Logan in 1943, and another act in 1954 gave it its current full name.

Today, BOS is the largest airport in Massachusetts and New England by passenger volume, and the busiest in the northeastern United States outside the New York metropolitan area. It covers 2,384 acres, much of it built on landfill reclaimed from Boston Harbor, including the former Governors, Noddle's, and Apple Islands, and operates six runways across four passenger terminals. Delta Air Lines and Cape Air use it as a hub, while JetBlue treats it as a major focus city. The airport recorded 42 million passengers in 2019, its highest annual total to that point.

The airport has a notable place in the superjumbo story: the Airbus A380 first touched down at BOS on February 8, 2010, for compatibility checks, and British Airways launched scheduled A380 service to Logan in March 2017. Terminal E, the international terminal, underwent a $680 million expansion completed in August 2023, adding gates capable of handling wide-body aircraft and expanding customs, baggage, and passenger areas. Logan sits about 3 miles from downtown Boston and is accessible via the MBTA Blue Line, making it the first U.S. airport with a rapid transit connection when that station opened in 1952.